Exam ICWIM Topic 1 Question 45 Discussion

A Defined Contribution (DC) pension scheme is a retirement savings plan where contributions are invested, and the final pension depends on investment performance.
* Why is Option A Correct?
* The final retirement income is uncertain because it depends on investment returns, contribution levels, and annuity rates at retirement.
* Unlike Defined Benefit (DB) schemes, where retirees receive a fixed pension, DC schemes do not guarantee a set payout.
* How Defined Contribution (DC) Schemes Work:
* Contributions are made by employees (and often by employers).
* Funds are invested in stocks, bonds, or mixed assets.
* Upon retirement, the individual may withdraw lump sums, purchase an annuity, or opt for pension drawdown.
* Why Not Other Options?
* B (Employers never contribute) # Incorrect. Many employers do contribute, particularly in workplace pensions (e.g., auto-enrolment in the UK).
* C (Capital gains tax applies) # Incorrect. Pension funds grow tax-free (no CGT on gains).
* D (Employees always contribute more) # Incorrect. Employer contributions vary by scheme- some match employee contributions, others contribute less.
# Reference: UK Pensions Act 2008 (Auto-Enrolment), FCA Pension Regulations, CISI Wealth & Investment Management.